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Pages

571-608

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Chinese

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Abstract

This article examines how Zhu Xi 朱熹 (1130-1200), Fu Guang 輔廣, and Zhu Gongqian 朱公遷 construed the sentiments of poets in the Classic of Poetry and also explains the differences in their respective interpretations. Zhu Xi brought forward a distinct way of thinking from the Great Preface, highlighting the significance of the authors’ spontaneous emotions, the consciousness of being gentle and kind-hearted, and the importance of following one’s “heart.” After Zhu Xi, Fu Guang explored the relationship between sense and sensibility from the perspective of “being” and “oughtness.” He advocated that one allow human desires to arise naturally and that one pay attention to the cultivation of jing 敬. On the contrary, Zhu Gongqian focused on poems that employed an implied comparison (xing 興), where the poets’ sentiments have four meanings. He compared King Wen of the Zhou 周文王, whom he regarded as a virtuous worthy (xianzhe 賢者), with licentious individuals (yinzhe 淫者), using them as representatives of how the relationship between reason and desires waxes and wanes. At the same time, Zhu Gongqian concentrated on the “conscience,” accentuating the significance of the “heart” in the “numinous qi 氣.” The expression of emotions in the Classic of Poetry, through intentional inheritance and interpretive development, thus became a structurally significant concept, and the Classic of Poetry gradually came to be regarded as a key classical text in the Song and Yuan dynasties.